Which term describes the process of showing new ways to do something, often through role-playing?

• A. Behavioral rehearsal
• B. Counter-conditioning
• C. Modeling
• D. Contingency contracting

Answer: (C)

Modeling involves showing new ways to perform a behavior so others can observe and imitate, and role-playing is a common way this demonstration happens. When a model demonstrates how to do something, learners watch closely, encode what they see, and later reproduce the behavior, often refining it with feedback. This idea is rooted in Social Learning Theory, which highlights learning by watching others, internalizing the steps, and then reproducing the action. Behavioral rehearsal, in contrast, centers on practicing a skill after it’s demonstrated, focusing on fluency rather than the initial demonstration. Counter-conditioning aims to change emotional responses to a stimulus rather than teaching a new behavior by observation. Contingency contracting uses agreements with consequences to shape behavior, not modeling demonstrations.