Self-instructional training/management focuses on:

• A. Punishing inappropriate behaviors severely.
• B. Supportive psychotherapy focusing on past events.
• C. Teaching coping skills with realistic goals and self-reinforcement; consistent use and support systems.
• D. Avoiding self-monitoring to reduce anxiety.

Answer: (C)

Self-instructional training or management focuses on helping individuals regulate their behavior by teaching coping skills, setting realistic goals, and using self-reinforcement, all supported by consistent help from teachers, parents, or peers. The idea is to show a person how to prompt themselves to perform desired behaviors, monitor their own progress, and reward themselves for meeting steps or milestones, creating reliable routines. This approach emphasizes active self-management and ongoing support rather than punishment or exploring past experiences, and it relies on self-monitoring as a central tool rather than avoiding it. For example, a student might use a simple self-talk cue like, “First I read for 10 minutes, then I take a short break,” and track completion with a checklist, rewarding themselves when they follow through.