Cognitive errors are misconceptions and wrong assumptions on the part of the client.

• A. Cognitive Errors
• B. Automatic Thoughts
• C. Arbitrary Inferences
• D. Cognitive Homework

Answer: (A)

Cognitive errors describe habitual misinterpretations—misconceptions and wrong assumptions—that people hold about themselves, others, and events. These patterns shape how incoming information is understood and usually lead to negative emotions. In cognitive therapy, this term captures the ongoing faulty beliefs people carry, such as jumping to conclusions, catastrophizing, or taking things personally.

Automatic thoughts are the immediate mental statements that arise in response to a situation, reflecting those distortions in the moment. Arbitrary inferences are a specific type of distortion where conclusions are drawn without sufficient evidence. Cognitive homework is simply practice tasks assigned to develop these skills outside of sessions. So the description given fits cognitive errors as the widespread misunderstandings and incorrect beliefs held by the client.